依據《通信(xin)局（站）在用防雷(lei)(lei)系(xi)統的(de)技術(shu)要(yao)求和檢(jian)測方法》（YD/T 1429-2006）對每個(ge)基(ji)站進行了文件檢(jian)查(cha)、接地網符合性檢(jian)測、接閃器(qi)檢(jian)查(cha)、引下(xia)線檢(jian)查(cha)、通信(xin)局站進站電纜(lan)雷(lei)(lei)電防護檢(jian)查(cha)、等電位連接檢(jian)測、浪涌(yong)保(bao)護器(qi)檢(jian)測等7個(ge)大(da)項的(de)檢(jian)測。

一是，接地網檢測

基站地(di)(di)(di)網(wang)通常由機(ji)房(fang)地(di)(di)(di)網(wang)、鐵塔地(di)(di)(di)網(wang)、變壓器(qi)地(di)(di)(di)網(wang)組成。

機(ji)房(fang)(fang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)網(wang)由機(ji)房(fang)(fang)建(jian)筑基礎(chu)（含地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)樁）和(he)外圍環(huan)(huan)形接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)體(ti)(ti)組成。環(huan)(huan)形接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)體(ti)(ti)應沿機(ji)房(fang)(fang)建(jian)筑物散(san)水點外敷設，并與機(ji)房(fang)(fang)建(jian)筑物基礎(chu)梁柱內2 根(gen)以(yi)上主鋼筋焊接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)連通(tong)(tong)(tong)。機(ji)房(fang)(fang)建(jian)筑物基礎(chu)有地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)樁時，應將各地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)樁主鋼筋與環(huan)(huan)形接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)體(ti)(ti)焊接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)連通(tong)(tong)(tong)。如(ru)專用(yong)電力變壓(ya)器設置在機(ji)房(fang)(fang)外，且距地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)網(wang)邊(bian)緣(yuan)30m以(yi)內時，應用(yong)水平(ping)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)體(ti)(ti)與地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)網(wang)焊接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)連通(tong)(tong)(tong)。距地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)網(wang)邊(bian)緣(yuan)大于30m時，可不與地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)網(wang)連通(tong)(tong)(tong)。

二是，機房外防雷檢(jian)測(ce)

機房外(wai)(wai)防雷檢測主要集中在饋線(xian)窗處無室(shi)外(wai)(wai)匯流(liu)排、室(shi)外(wai)(wai)匯流(liu)排未接地、室(shi)外(wai)(wai)匯流(liu)排接地不符合要求等情況(kuang)。

室外(wai)(wai)(wai)匯流排(pai)的作用是給(gei)天饋線(xian)金屬外(wai)(wai)(wai)皮接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)用，國(guo)標GB 50689-2011對于(yu)天饋線(xian)接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)有如下規定：“6.4.1 鐵塔上架(jia)設的饋線(xian)及(ji)(ji)同軸電纜(lan)(lan)金屬外(wai)(wai)(wai)護層應(ying)分別在(zai)(zai)塔頂(ding)、離(li)塔處及(ji)(ji)機房入(ru)口處外(wai)(wai)(wai)側就近接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)；當(dang)饋線(xian)及(ji)(ji)同軸電纜(lan)(lan)長度大于(yu)60m 時(shi)，則宜在(zai)(zai)塔的中間部位增加一(yi)個接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)點。室外(wai)(wai)(wai)走線(xian)架(jia)始末兩端均應(ying)接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)連接(jie)(jie)線(xian)應(ying)采用截(jie)面積不(bu)小于(yu)10mm2 的多股銅(tong)線(xian)。6.4.2 饋線(xian)及(ji)(ji)同軸電纜(lan)(lan)應(ying)在(zai)(zai)機房饋線(xian)窗處設一(yi)個接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)排(pai)作為饋線(xian)的接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)點，接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)排(pai)應(ying)直接(jie)(jie)與地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)網相(xiang)連。6.4.3 接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)排(pai)嚴禁連接(jie)(jie)到(dao)鐵塔塔角(jiao)。”

三是，室內防(fang)雷檢測

1.設備接(jie)地

基站內設(she)(she)備主要有(you)開關電(dian)源、交流配電(dian)箱(xiang)、電(dian)池、機(ji)架、信號發射主設(she)(she)備、光纜、天饋線系統等(deng)。

2.電源系統檢測

電(dian)(dian)源系(xi)統(tong)的(de)檢測是通信(xin)基站(zhan)防(fang)(fang)雷(lei)檢測的(de)重點，根據統(tong)計，雷(lei)擊造成(cheng)的(de)損壞90％以上都與基站(zhan)電(dian)(dian)源端口有關。通信(xin)基站(zhan)的(de)電(dian)(dian)源主要(yao)包(bao)括專用變壓、交流配電(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)和開關電(dian)(dian)源等(deng)，須(xu)配備多級(ji)防(fang)(fang)雷(lei)器。

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